Seminar
Ethics in science: on fiascos that are unconscious lapses, and fiascos which are conscious cheating.

Abstract

There are many cases in the scientific literature where published results are shown to be "fiascos". Most of them are due to lapses, unconscious mistakes in the analysis or wrong assumptions, but there are other cases where an intentional manipulation/falsification of data was proved. This is one of the multiple misconducts which reflect a lack of ethics in some scientists. Whether prosecution and punishment should be applied to these cases is something discussable.