Found 14 talks width keyword solar system

Constraining dust optical properties is essential for interpreting remote sensing observations of planetary atmospheres and surfaces, as well as for understanding the radiative impact of aerosols in climate and circulation models. In this talk, I will present recent advances in the retrieval and experimental characterization of dust optical properties across the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. Our approach combines laboratory measurements with advanced light-scattering modeling to determine wavelength dependent complex refractive indices and other key parameters such as single-scattering albedos, cross sections, and efficiencies. Three Martian dust analogues were analyzed, each prepared with narrow particle size distributions representative of airborne dust in the Martian atmosphere. Particular attention was given to the effects of particle shape, composition, and size on the derived optical properties. The resulting validated optical property database covers wavelengths from 200 to 2000 nm and provides a physically consistent foundation for radiative transfer modeling. These results offer improved constraints for interpreting spacecraft and ground based observations of planetary materials and contribute to the broader understanding of dust scattering behavior in planetary environments.

Simons Observatory (SO) is a new Cosmic Microwave Background telescope currently under construction in the Atacama Desert, close to ALMA and other recent CMB telescopes. It will have six small aperture (42cm) telescopes (SATs), and one large aperture (6m) telescope (LAT), observing at 30-280GHz (1-10mm) using transition edge sensors (TES) and kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). As well as observing the polarisation of the CMB to unprecedented sensitivity, the LAT will perform a constant survey at higher angular resolution, enabling the systematic detection of transient sources in the submm, with large overlap of optical surveys such as LSST, DESI and DES. As well as giving an overview of SO, I summarise the types of transient sources that are expected to be seen by SO, including flaring stars, quasars, asteroids, and man-made satellites.

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Origin and Early Evolution of the Solar System

Lecture 1: Our Understanding of the Solar System through Ages.

This is the first lecture of Dr. Crida, where he gives a historic overview on the improvement of our knowledge on the planets and satellites. He also provides some basic concepts related to celestial mechanics in order to properly follow the rest of his lectures.  

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Exploration of the Solar System by the European Space Agency

Lecture 2: European exploration of Mars

In this second talk Dr. Cardesín reviews the ESA program for Mars exploration, describing the Mars Express mission and its scientific goals, as well as the ExoMars mission and its current status. 

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Physical Properties of Asteroid Surfaces

Lecture 2: Novel spectrometric modeling

In his second talk, Dr. Muinonen focuses on multiple scattering, describing in detail processes such as the radiative transfer and coherent backscattering (RT-CB), particular cases with incoherent fields, and radiative transfer with reciprocal transactions (R²T²). He also presents very preliminar and recent results obtained by his team at the University of Finland on incoherent backscattering experimetns on millions of spherical particles. In this talk he also revisits space weathering in the context of radiative transfer theory and presents some experiments carried out with olivine.  

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Planetary Atmospheres.

Lecture 2: Radiative transfer, composition, and clouds. 

In his second lecture Dr. Lebonnois talks about the processes that take place in the atmosphere of the planets, explaining the energy balance between the different layers, and the interaction with the surface. The generation of spectral lines and bands, the creation of clouds, and the characteristics of temperature profiles are also described with detail. 

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Cometary Science and the Rosetta Mission.

Lecture 1: Comets and the Rosetta mission. 

Dr. Küppers gives a general overview on comets in the context of the formation of the Solar System, describing their physical, dynamical, and compositional properties. The speaker describes cometary missions that have been sent before the Rosetta mission and lists some of the most important cometary science questions that are still unsolved or under debated.

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Exploration of the Solar System by the European Space Agency

Lecture 1: Overview of ESA Solar System Missions 

Dr. Cardesin introduces in this talk the European Space Agency, describing the agency's structure, budget, and activites. Particular atention is paid to the ESA Science Program and to the role of ESAC (Madrid), with a description of all past, present, and future space missions in which the ESA has been/is/will be involved related to Solar System exploration.

Series: XXVIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics: Solar System Exploration

Topic: Physical Properties of Asteroid Surfaces

Lecture 1: Introduction to asteroid UV-VIS-NIR spectrometry

In this first talk, Dr. Muinonen gives an introduction to polarimetry, photometry, and spectropolarimetry techniques and their application to the study of asteroid surfaces. The talk includes a description of the Shkuratov radiative transfer model and the use of Monte Carlo simulations to model radiative transfer for meteorite spectra.